What are the root causes of acne?

Acne is a common skin condition that affects millions of people. There are different types of acne, categorized by grades or severity, but this can include non-inflammatory acne like blackheads and whiteheads, and inflammatory acne like papules, pustules, and cysts. 

Acne can be exacerbated by internal factors such as stress, hormonal fluctuations or imbalances, medications, and diet or nutritional deficiencies. But at the core of it, acne has four root drivers:

Bacteria

Acne starts with the proliferation of a bacterium called Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) within your skin’s pores. These bacteria trigger inflammation and lead to the formation of red, pus-filled pimples.

Inflammation

In response to the invasion of P. acnes, your body’s immune system kicks into gear, causing inflammation. This inflammatory response can make acne lesions more painful and visible.

Hyperkeratinization

Your skin naturally sheds dead cells, but in acne-prone individuals, these cells stick together, forming a plug in the hair follicles. This phenomenon, known as hyperkeratinization, traps P. acnes and exacerbates inflammation.

Sebum Overdrive

Sebum, the natural oil produced by your skin, plays a vital role in keeping your skin moisturized. However, when your sebaceous glands go into overdrive due to hormonal changes, excess sebum production can clog pores and fuel acne.

Understanding the interplay of bacteria, inflammation, hyperkeratinization, and sebum overdrive provides valuable insight into effective acne management strategies. By adopting a balanced skincare routine and seeking targeted treatments, you can keep these factors in check and enjoy clearer, healthier skin.